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π Development of Vernacular Education
π 1835, 1836, 1838:
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William Adamβs reports on vernacular education in Bengal and Bihar highlighted defects in the system.
π 1843-53:
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James Jonathanβs experiments in North West Provinces (UP), focusing on opening government schools for vernacular education and normal schools for teacher training.
π 1853:
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In a famous minute, Lord Dalhousie expressed strong support for vernacular education.
π 1854:
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Woodβs Despatch outlined provisions for vernacular education:
1. Improvement of standards
2. Supervision by government agencies
3. Normal schools to train teachers
π 1854-71:
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The government focused on secondary vernacular education, leading to an increase in vernacular schools by more than five-fold.
π 1882:
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The Hunter Commission recommended state efforts to improve vernacular education and mass education to be taught through vernaculars.
π 1904:
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Education policy focused on vernacular education, providing increased grants for it.
π 1929:
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Hartog Committee gave a gloomy view of primary education.
π 1937:
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Congress ministries encouraged the growth of vernacular schools.
π Development of Technical Education:
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Engineering Colleges:
- Roorkee College (1847)
- Calcutta College of Engineering (1856)
- Poona College of Engineering affiliated to Bombay University.
β
Medical Training:
- Medical College in Calcutta (1835).
- Lord Curzon worked to broaden agriculture, medicine, engineering, and other professional education through institutions like Pusa Agricultural College.
BY CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF
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